自以为是Python还行，其实底层这些逻辑从来没弄通过

2026-04-08

澶у濂斤紝鎴戞槸姝ｅ湪瀹炴垬鍚勭 AI 椤圭洰鐨勭▼搴忓憳鏅氭灚銆?

涓婁釜鏈堬紝鏈変釜澶у巶鍦ㄨ亴鐨勫悗绔伐绋嬪笀鏉ユ壘鎴戦棽鑱婏紝璇磋嚜宸卞啓 Python 灏嗚繎鍥涘勾锛屾兂绯荤粺琛ヤ竴琛ュ簳灞傜煡璇嗐€?

鎴戦棶浠栵細"閭ｄ綘瑙夊緱锛宍obj.attr` 璁块棶涓€涓睘鎬ф椂锛孭ython 搴曞眰鍏蜂綋鍋氫簡浠€涔堬紵"

浠栨劊浜嗕竴涓嬶紝璇达細"灏辨槸璁块棶鍟婏紝. 璇硶銆?

鎴戝張闂細"閭?property 鏄€庝箞瀹炵幇鐨勶紵涓轰粈涔堝啓浜?@property 灏辫兘鍋氭暟鎹獙璇侊紵"

浠栬锛?杩欎釜鈥︹€﹁楗板櫒鐨勭敤娉曞惂锛?

鎴戞病鏈夌户缁拷闂涓変釜闂銆?

浠栧ぇ姒備篃鎰忚瘑鍒颁簡锛屾湁浜涗笢瑗夸粬涓€鐩村湪鐢紝浣嗕粠鏉ユ病鏈夌湡姝ｆ墦閫氥€?

浣犱互涓鸿嚜宸变細鐨勶紝鍜屼綘鐪熸浼氱殑锛屼箣闂存湁宸窛

涓嶆槸浣犲湪鍋锋噿銆傛槸 Python 鏈夊畠鑷繁鐨勯€昏緫锛岃€岄偅濂楅€昏緫锛屽叆闂ㄦ暀绋嬩笉鏁欍€佸疄鎴橀」鐩笉娣卞叆璁层€丟oogle 鎼滃嚭鏉ョ殑鍏ㄦ槸纰庣墖绛旀銆?

銆婃祦鐣呯殑Python锛堢2鐗堬級銆嬩笓闂ㄥ～琛ヨ繖涓┖鐧姐€傚畠璁茬殑涓嶆槸"鎬庝箞鐢?Python 鍐欎唬鐮?锛岃€屾槸**"Python 涓轰粈涔堣繖鏍疯璁?**銆?

涓変釜闂锛屽氨鑳借鏄庤繖涓樊璺濆湪鍝噷锛?

闂涓€锛氫粈涔堟槸 Python 鏁版嵁妯″瀷锛?

浣犲啓杩囪繖鏍风殑浠ｇ爜鍚楋紵

class Vector:
    def __init__(self, x, y):
        self.x = x
        self.y = y

    def __repr__(self):
        return f'Vector({self.x}, {self.y})'

    def __add__(self, other):
        return Vector(self.x + other.x, self.y + other.y)

    def __mul__(self, scalar):
        return Vector(self.x * scalar, self.y * scalar)

瀹炵幇 __add__ 鍜?__mul__锛宍Vector灏辫兘鐩存帴鐢?+鍜?*杩愮畻绗﹀弬涓庤繍绠椼€傚疄鐜?repr锛宍print() 鏃朵細鏄剧ず浜虹被鍙鐨勬牸寮忋€?

**杩欏彨鐗规畩鏂规硶锛坉under methods锛?*锛屼篃鍙?榄旀湳鏂规硶"銆傚畠浠槸 Python 鐨勫熀纭€璁炬柦锛氫綘鍐欑殑姣忎竴涓被锛屽叾瀹為兘鍦ㄥ拰杩欏鍗忚鎵撲氦閬擄紝鍙槸娌′汉鍛婅瘔浣犲畠瀛樺湪銆?

涓嶇悊瑙ｈ繖涓紝鍐欏嚭鏉ョ殑绫诲氨鏄畫缂虹殑鈥斺€旇兘鐢紝浣嗕笉浼橀泤銆?

闂浜岋細`@property` 鐨勫簳灞傛槸浠€涔堬紵

鐢ㄨ繃 Django ORM 鍚楋紵

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class Person(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    age = models.IntegerField()

鍐?person.age = -1锛孌jango 鑳界洿鎺ユ姏鍑洪獙璇侀敊璇€傝繖涓嶆槸 Django 鑷繁鍐欑殑閫昏緫锛岃繖鏄?property 鍜屾弿杩扮鍗忚鍦ㄨ捣浣滅敤鈥斺€擯ython 璇█灞傚唴缃殑鎷︽埅鏈哄埗銆?

@property 鏈川涓婃槸涓€涓?*鎻忚堪绗﹀璞?*锛屽畠鎷︽埅浜嗗睘鎬х殑璇诲彇銆佽祴鍊煎拰鍒犻櫎鎿嶄綔锛屽湪鎿嶄綔鍙戠敓涔嬪墠鎻掑叆鑷畾涔夐€昏緫銆?

杩欏氨鏄负浠€涔堝緢澶氫汉瀛﹀畬 property 杩樻槸涓嶇悊瑙?ORM 鐨勫瓧娈甸獙璇佹槸鎬庝箞瀹炵幇鐨勨€斺€斿洜涓轰粬浠笉鐭ラ亾杩欏眰搴曞眰銆?

闂涓夛細浠€涔堟槸 GIL锛熶负浠€涔堝绾跨▼涓嶈兘鍔犻€?CPU 瀵嗛泦鍨嬩换鍔★紵

寰堝浜虹煡閬?GIL 鏄叏灞€瑙ｉ噴鍣ㄩ攣"锛屼絾杩介棶涓€鍙?GIL 鍦ㄤ粈涔堟儏鍐典笅浼氶噴鏀撅紵"锛岃兘绛斿嚭鏉ョ殑浜哄氨灏戝浜嗐€?

绛旀鏄細**GIL 鍦?I/O 鎿嶄綔鍜岀壒瀹?C 鎵╁睍璋冪敤鏃堕噴鏀撅紝浣嗙函 Python 浠ｇ爜鍦?CPU 瀵嗛泦璁＄畻鏃讹紝浠绘剰鏃跺埢鍙湁涓€涓嚎绋嬪湪鎵ц瀛楄妭鐮?*銆?

鎵€浠ワ細

CPU 瀵嗛泦鍨嬩换鍔＄敤澶氳繘绋嬶紙multiprocessing锛?
I/O 瀵嗛泦鍨嬩换鍔＄敤澶氱嚎绋嬶紙threading锛夋垨寮傛锛坄asyncio`锛?

杩欐槸瀹屽叏涓嶅悓鐨勭瓥鐣ャ€?

涓嶇悊瑙?GIL锛屽氨浼氬湪瀹為檯椤圭洰涓仛鍑洪敊璇殑骞跺彂鏂规閫夊瀷鈥斺€旂瓑涓婄嚎鍙戠幇鎬ц兘闂锛屽氨鏅氫簡銆?

杩欎笁涓棶棰橈紝鍏ㄩ儴鏉ヨ嚜鍚屼竴鏈功

銆婃祦鐣呯殑Python锛堢2鐗堬級銆嬶紝绗?1 绔犺鏁版嵁妯″瀷锛岀 13 绔犺鎻忚堪绗﹀拰 property锛岀 17 绔犺 GIL 鍜屽苟鍙戞ā鍨嬨€?

涓嶆槸宸у悎銆傝繖鏈功灏辨槸鍥寸粫 Python 鐨勮繖浜涙牳蹇冩満鍒跺睍寮€鐨勩€?

*浼?Python 鍜岀悊瑙?Python锛屾槸涓や欢浜嬨€? 璇诲畬杩欐湰涔︼紝寰堝涔嬪墠"浼氱敤浣嗚涓嶆竻"鐨勬蹇碉紝浼氫竴涓嬪瓙閫氶€忚捣鏉ャ€?

鏈変汉宸茬粡璧板湪鍓嶉潰浜?

鐩墠宸叉湁 200+ 瀛﹀憳鍔犲叆鍏辫銆備粬浠腑寰堝浜烘鍓嶄篃鏈夌被浼肩殑鍥版儜鈥斺€旀劅瑙夎嚜宸辩殑浠ｇ爜"鑳界敤"锛屼絾涓嶅鎵庡疄锛岄亣鍒版繁灞傞棶棰樺氨鍗′綇銆?

瀛﹀畬涔嬪悗锛屾櫘閬嶅弽棣堟槸涓変欢浜嬶細

**缁堜簬鎶婇浂鏁ｇ殑鐭ヨ瘑鐐逛覆璧锋潵浜?*鈥斺€旇楗板櫒銆佺敓鎴愬櫒銆佷笂涓嬫枃绠＄悊鍣ㄢ€︹€﹀師鏉ラ兘鏄暟鎹ā鍨嬬殑寤朵几
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**闈㈣瘯涓嶆€曟繁闂?*鈥斺€斾笉鏄儗绛旀锛屾槸鐪熺殑鐞嗚В浜嗚繖涓満鍒朵负浠€涔堣繖鏍疯璁?

鐩存挱鍏辫璇撅細姣忓懆涓€娆★紝甯綘鎶婁功璇婚€?

銆婃祦鐣呯殑Python锛堢2鐗堬級銆?00 澶氶〉锛屽共璐у瘑搴﹀緢楂橈紝鑷繁鍟冨鏄撳崐閫旇€屽簾銆?

鎴戝紑浜?*鐩存挱鍏辫璇?*锛屾瘡鍛ㄥ浐瀹氭椂闂寸洿鎾€愮珷绮捐锛?

涓嶆槸蹇典功锛屾槸鍛婅瘔浣?杩欐璇濊儗鍚庣殑閫昏緫鏄粈涔?
缁撳悎瀹為檯鍦烘櫙锛屽憡璇変綘"瀛︿細杩欎釜锛岃兘瑙ｅ喅浠€涔堥棶棰?
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*鍘熶环 499 鍏冿紝璇曡繍钀ユ湡闂翠粎闇€ 299 鍏冦€?

杩欎釜浠锋牸涓嶆眰鐩堝埄锛屽氨鏄兂璁╃湡蹇冩兂瀛︾殑浜猴紝浣庨棬妲涜繘鏉ャ€?

鐜板湪灏卞姞鍏?

鐩存帴浠樿垂鏈枃鍚庯紝娣诲姞寰俊 python-office锛屽娉ㄣ€屾祦鐣呫€嶏紝鎴戞潵鎷変綘杩涘叡璇荤兢銆?

鍓?50 鍚嶆姤鍚嶏紝閫佹垜鏁寸悊鐨勪竴濂?0璁茬殑銆婃祦鐣呯殑 Python銆嬫牳蹇冪煡璇嗙偣閫熸煡鎵嬪唽锛岃鐩栦功涓墍鏈夋牳蹇冪煡璇嗙偣锛屽涔犲墠杩囦竴閬嶅緢鏈夌敤銆?

浣犱互涓鸿嚜宸辩"鐪熸鎺屾彙 Python"寰堣繙锛屽叾瀹炲樊鐨勫彧鏄壘鍒颁竴鏈鐨勪功锛屽拰涓€缇ら櫔浣犺涓嬪幓鐨勪汉銆?

鏈熷緟鍦ㄧ兢閲岃鍒颁綘銆?

馃摉鎺ㄨ崘鏁欐潗

[銆婃祦鐣呯殑 Python锛堢 2 鐗堬級銆媇(https://u.jd.com/NOMBOOz) - 鏈绋嬮厤濂楁暀鏉?
[銆奝ython 缂栫▼浠庡叆闂ㄥ埌瀹炶返锛堢 3 鐗堬級銆媇(https://u.jd.com/NGMHz3T) - 闆跺熀纭€鍏ラ棬
[銆奀Python 璁捐涓庡疄鐜般€媇(https://u.jd.com/NaM5rNE) - 婧愮爜娣卞害

*瀛︿範璺嚎锛?
闆跺熀纭€ 鈫?銆婁粠鍏ラ棬鍒板疄璺点€?鈫?銆婃祦鐣呯殑 Python銆?鈫?鏈棬璇剧▼ 鈫?銆奀Python 璁捐涓庡疄鐜般€?

馃挰瀛︿範浜ゆ祦

骞冲彴	璐﹀彿/閾炬帴
寰俊	[鎵爜鍔犲ソ鍙媇(https://www.python4office.cn/wechat-qrcode/)
B 绔?	[Python 鑷姩鍖栧姙鍏ぞ鍖篯(https://space.bilibili.com/259649365)

**寮€濮嬪涔?*锛歔绗?1 璁诧細Python 鏁版嵁妯″瀷](../01-鏁版嵁妯″瀷/)

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